Pathophysiology of the liver and digestive system. A patient has a critical impairment of protein, fat and hydrocarbon digestion.
Most likely it has been caused by low secretion of the following digestive juice:
Pancreatic juice
Saliva
Gastric juice
Bile
Intestinal juice
A 42 year old patient complains of pain in the epigastral area, vomiting; vomit masses have the colour of "coffee-grounds", the patient has also melena. Anamnesis records gastric ulcer. Blood formula: erythrocytes - 2, 8 · 1012/l, leukocytes - 8 · 109/l, Hb- 90 g/l. What complication is it?
Haemorrhage
Penetration
Perforation
Canceration
Pyloric stenosis
A patient takes cholagogues. What other process besides biliary excretion will be stimulated?
Intestinal motility
Gastric juice secretion
Pancreatic juice secretion
Gastric motor activity
Water absorption
A 49-year-old male patient with acute pancreatitis was likely to develop pancreatic necrosis, while active pancreatic proteases were absorbed into the blood stream and tissue proteins broke up. What protective factors of the body can inhibit these processes?
α2-macroglobulin, α1-antitrypsin
Immunoglobulin
Cryoglobulin, interferon
Ceruloplasmin, transferrin
Hemoplexin, haptoglobin
A 30 year old woman has subnormalconcentration of enzymes in the pancreatic juice. This might be caused by the hyposecretion of the following gastrointestinal hormone:
Cholecystokinin-pancreozymin
Somatostatin
Secretin
Gastro-inhibiting peptide
Vaso-intestinal peptide
A 60 year old patient was found to have a dysfunction of main digestive enzyme of saliva. This causes the disturbance of primary hydrolysis of:
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Cellulose
Lactose
A 30-year-old male patient with acute pancreatitis has been found to have a disorder of cavitary protein digestion. The reason for such condition can be the hyposynthesis and hyposecretion of the following enzyme:
Tripsin
Pepsin
Lipase
Dipeptidase
Amylase
A specimen of a parenchymal organ shows poorly delineated hexagonal lobules surrounding a central vein, and the interlobular connective tissue contains embedded triads (an artery, a vein and an excretory duct). What organ is it?
Liver
Pancreas
Thymus
Spleen
Thyroid
A 53-year-old male patient complains of acute pain in the right hypochondrium. Objective examination revealed scleral icterus. Laboratory tests revealed increased ALT activity, and stercobilin was not detected in the stool. What disease is characterized by these symptoms?
Cholelithiasis
Hemolytic jaundice
Hepatitis
Chronic colitis
Chronic gastritis
A patient has normally coloured stool including a large amount of free fatty acids.
The reason for this is a disturbance of the following process:
Fat absorption
Fat hydrolysis
Biliary excretion
Choleresis
Lipase secretion
A patient has been admitted to the contagious isolation ward with signs of jaundice caused by hepatitis virus. Which of the symptoms given below is strictly specific for hepatocellular jaundice?
Increase of ALT, AST level
Hyperbilirubinemia
Bilirubinuria
Cholemia
Urobilinuria
An infectious disease unit admitted a patient with signs of jaundice caused by
hepatitis virus. Select an indicator that is specific only for parenchymatous jaundice:
Increase in ALT and AST rate
Hyperbilirubinemia
Bilirubinuria
Cholaemia
Urobilinuria
A tooth extraction in a patient with chronic persistent hepatitis was complicated with prolonged hemorrhage. What is the reason for the haemorrhagic syndrome?
Decrease in thrombin production
Increase in thromboplastin production
Decrease in fibrin production
Increase in fibrinogen synthesis
Fibrinolysis intensification
After severe viral hepatitis a 4 year-old boy presents with vommiting, occasional loss of consciousness, convulsions. Blood test revealed hyperammoniemia. Such condition is caused by a disorder of the following biochemical hepatic process:
Disorder of ammonia neutralization
Blood analysis of a patient with jaundice reveals conjugated bilirubinemia, increased concentration of bile acids. There is no stercobilinogen in urine.
What type of jaundice is it?
Obstructive jaundice
Hepatocellular jaundice
Parenchymatous jaundice
Hemolytic jaundice
Cythemolytic jaundice
A patient with jaundice has high total bilirubin that is mainly indirect (unconjugated), high concentration of stercobilin in the stool and urine. The level of direct (conjugated) bilirubin in the blood plasma is normal. What kind of jaundice can you think of?
Hemolytic
Parenchymal (hepatic)
Mechanical
Neonatal jaundice
Gilbert’s disease
A patient presents with icteritiousness of skin, scleras and mucous membranes. Blood plasma the total bilirubin is increased, stercobilin is increased in feces, urobilin is increased in urine. What type of jaundice is it?
Haemolytic
Gilbert’s disease
Parenchymatous
Obturational
Cholestatic
Enzymatic jaundices are accompanied by abnormal activity of UDPglucuronyl transferase. What compound is accumulated in blood serum in case of these pathologies?
Unconjugated bilirubin
Conjugated bilrubin
Dehydrobilirubin
Hydrobilirubin
Choleglobin
A 35-year-old man with peptic ulcer disease has undergone antrectomy. After the surgery secretion of the following gastrointestinal hormone will be disrupted the most: