База тестів крок-1 з патофізіології (пмк-1)
Reactivity Pathology of immunological reactivity Allergy
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| Reactivity Pathology of immunological reactivity Allergy
Examination of patients with periodontitis revealed the interdependence between the rate of affection of periodontal tissues and the amount of lysozymes in saliva and gingival liquid.These results can be obtained during studying the following protection system of an organism: Non-specific resistance Humoral immunity Cellular immunity Autoresponsiveness Tolerance Parents of 5-year-old child report him o have frequent colds that develop into pneumonias, presence of purulent rashes on the skin. Laboratory tests have revealed the following: absence of immunoglobulins of any type, and naked cells are absent from the lymph nodes punctate. What kind of immune disorder is it? X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia (Bruton type agammaglobulinemia) Autosomal recessive agammaglobulinaemia (Swiss type) Hypoplastic anemia Agranulocytosis Louis-Barr syndrome Examination of a child who frequently suffers from infectious diseases revealed that IgG concentration in blood serum was 10 times less than normal, IgA and IgM concentration was also significantly reduced. Analysis showed also lack of B-lymphocytes and plasmocytes. What disease are these symptoms typical for? Bruton’s disease Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia Dysimmunoglobulinemia Louis-Bar syndrome Di George syndrome A child entering the school for the first time was given Mantoux test in order to determine if there was a need for revaccination. The reaction was negative. What is the meaning of this test result? No cell-mediated immunity to tuberculosis Availability of cell-mediated immunity tuberculosis No antibodies to the tuberculosis bacteria No anti-toxic immunity to tuberculosis Presence of antibodies to the tuberculosis bacteria In our country, routine preventive vaccinations against poliomyelitis ivolve using live vaccine that is administered orally. What immunoglobulins are responsible for the development of local post-vaccination immunity in this case? Secretory IgA IgM IgG Serum IgA IgE What condition may develop 15-30 minutes after re-administration of the antigen as a result of the increased level of antibodies, mainly IgE, that are adsorbed on the surface of target cells, namely tissue basophils (mast cells) and blood basophils? Anaphylaxis Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity Delayed-type hypersensitivity Immune complex hyperresponsiveness Serum sickness A 22-year-old woman ate some seafood. 5 hours later the trunk and the distal parts of limbs got covered with small itchy papules which were partially fused together. After one day, the rash disappeared spontaneously. Specify the hypersensitivity mechanism underlying these changes: Atopy (local anaphylaxis) Systemic anaphylaxis Cellular cytotoxicity Immune complex hypersensitivity Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytolysis A 27- year-old woman has dropped penicillin containing eye drops. In few minutes there appeared feeling of itching, burning of the skin, lips and eyelids edema, whistling cough, decreasing of BP. What antibodies take part in the development of this allergic reaction? IgE and IgG IgM and IgG IgA and IgM IgM and IgD IgG and IgD The development of both immune and allergic reactions is based upon the same mechanisms of the immune system response to an antigen. What is the main difference between the immune and allergic reactions? Development of tissue lesion Amount of released antigen Antigen structure Routes by which antigens are delivered into the body Hereditary predisposition During blood transfusion a patient has developed intravascular erythrocyte hemolysis. What kind of hypersensitivity does the patient have? II type (antibody-dependent) I type (anaphylactic) III type (immune complex) IV type (cellular cytotoxicity) IV type (granulomatosis) A patient has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis that developed after he had had streptococcal infection.It is most likely that the affection of basal glomerular membrane is caused by an allergic reaction of the following type: Immune complex Anaphylactic Cytotoxic Delayed Stimulating In the course of puncture biopsy of transplanted kidney the following has been revealed: diffuse infiltration of stroma by lymphocytes and plasmocytes and necrotic arteritis. What pathological process has developed in the transplant? Immune rejection Ischemic kidney failure Glomerulonephritis Tubular necrosis Pyelonephritis A 30-year-old patient has dyspnea fits, mostly at night. He has been diagnosed with bronchial asthma. What type of allergic reaction according to the Gell-Coombs classification is most likely in this case? Anaphylactic Cytotoxic Stimulating Immune complex Delayed-type hypersensitivity A man with a long-term history of bronchial asthma died from asphyxia. Histological examination of his lungs revealed that the lumens of bronchioles and minor bronchi contained a lot of mucus with some eosinophils. There was also sclerosis of interalveolar septa, dilatation of alveole lumens. What mechanism accounts for the development of hypersensitivity reaction? Reagine reaction Cytotoxic reaction Immune complex reaction Lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis Granulomatosis A 10 year old child had the mantoux tuberculin test administered. 48 hours later a papule up to 8 mm in diameter appeared on the site of the injection. What type of hypersensitivity reaction developed after the tuberculin injection? Type IV hypersensitivity reaction Arthus phenomenon Seroreaction Atopic reaction Type II hypersensitivity reaction A child with suspected tuberculosis was given Mantoux test. After 24 hours the site of the allergen injection got swollen, hyperemic and painful. What are the main components that determine such response of the body? Mononuclear cells, T-lymphocytes and lymphokines Granulocytes, T-lymphocytes and IgG Plasma cells, T-lymphocytes and lymphokines B-lymphocytes, IgM Macrophages, B-lymphocytes and monocytes A 10-year-old child had the mantoux tuberculin test administered. 48 hours later a papule up to 8 mm in diameter appeared on the site of the injection. What type of hypersensitivity reaction developed after the tuberculin injection? Type IV hypersensitivity reaction Arthus phenomenon Seroreaction Atopic reaction Type II hypersensitivity reaction A child cut his leg with a piece of glass while playing and was brought to theclinic for the injection of tetanus toxoid. In order to prevent the development of anaphylactic shock the serum was administered by Bezredka method. What mechanism underlies this method of desensitization of the body? Binding of IgE fixed to the mast cells Blocking the mediator synthesis in the mast cells Stimulation of immune tolerance to the antigen Stimulation of the synthesis of antigenspecific IgG Binding of IgE receptors to the mast cells During surgical manipulations a patient has been given novocaine injection for anesthesia. 10 minutes later the patient developed paleness, dyspnea, hypotension. What type of allergic reaction is it? Anaphylactic immune reaction Cellulotoxic immune reaction Aggregate immune reaction Stimulating immune reaction Cell-mediated immune reaction A 12-year-old child developed nephritic syndrome (proteinuria, hematuria, cylindruria) 2 weeks after a case of tonsillitis, which is a sign of affected glomerular basement membrane in the kidneys. What mechanism is the most likely to cause the basement membrane damage? Поділіться з Вашими друзьями:
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