База тестів крок-1 з патофізіології (пмк-1)
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1.-B. 2.-D. 3.-C. 4.-A. 5.-B. 6.-A. 7.-A. 8.-C. 9.-A. 10.-C. 11.-A. 12.-E. 13.-B. 14.-A. 15.-D. 16.-C. 17.-B. 18.-C. 19.-A. 20.-A. 21.-C. 22.-D. 23.-D. 24.-C. 25.-A. 26.-A. 27.A. 28/-A. 29.-A. 30.-A. 31.-A. 32.-A. 33.-A.
Gaseous alkalosis Nongaseous alkalosis Metabolic alkalosis Metabolic acidosis* Gaseous alkalosis 2. Acidosis develops in case of severe form of diabetes mellitus. What buffer system components change at first? Bicarbonate* Phosphate Hemoglobin Oxyhemoglobin Protein 3. Prolonged convulsions occur in patient suffered from epilepsy. After that following data of laboratory analysis of this patient were received: pH – 7.14, pCO2 – 45 mmHg, HCO3- – 14 mmol/l, Na+ - 140 mmol/l, Cl- - 98 mmol/l. What kind of acid-base balance disturbances occurs in this patient? Metabolic ketoacidosis Metabolic lactacidosis* Respiratory alkalosis Metabolic alkalosis There are no disorders of acid-base balance 4. While ascending to mountain in alpinist excitation developed that was replaced with headache, giddiness, breathlessness, and after that apnea occurred. What kind of acidbase balance disturbances occurs in this case? Nongaseous acidosis Excretory acidosis Gaseous alkalosis Nongaseous alkalosis Gaseous acidosis* 5. A patient suffered from chronic glomerulonephritis has increasing general malaise, tachycardia with recurrent arrhythmia, confusion, and sleepiness. What kind of acidbase balance disturbance accompanies uremic coma? Nongaseous excretory acidosis* Nongaseous excretory alkalosis Gaseous acidosis Gaseous alkalosis Respiratory alkalosis 6. Pregnant woman has toxicosis accompanied by vomiting of 24 hours duration. After that tetany cramps and dehydration develop. What kind of shift of acid-base balance leads to described changes? Gaseous alkalosis Gaseous acidosis Nongaseous metabolic acidosis Nongaseous metabolic alkalosis Nongaseous excretory alkalosis* 7.A patient suffered from diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital because of worsening of his condition. He has general malaise, polyuria, lethargy, and sleepiness. Kussmaul respiration, heart arrhythmia, and acetone scent in expired air are noticed in this patient. What kind of shift of acid-base balance contributes these symptoms? Gaseous alkalosis Gaseous acidosis Nongaseous metabolic alkalosis Nongaseous metabolic acidosis* Nongaseous excretory alkalosis 8. A group of alpinists was undergone blood analysis in mountains at height 3000 meters. Following was revealed: decrease of HCO3- down to 15 mmol/l (norm is 22-26 mmol/l). What is the mechanism of decrease of HCO3- in the blood? Decrease of reabsorption of bicarbonate in kidneys Hyperventilation* Intensification of acidogenesis Hypoventilation Reduction of ammoniogenesis 9. pH of blood of patient suffered from diabetes mellitus sets to 7.3. What component of buffer system determination is used to diagnose disorders of acid-base balance? Bicarbonate* Oxyhemoglobin Phosphate Hemoglobin Protein 10. Buffer capacity of blood decreases in worker as a result of exhausting muscle work. What acid substance income to the blood this may be explained? Alpha-ketoglutaric acid 3-phosphoglycerate Lactic acid* Pyruvate 1,3-biphosphoglycerate 11. Repeated vomiting occurs in patient suffered from pylorostenosis which is accompanied by loss of chloride ions from the organism and development of nongaseous alkalosis. What conditions these changes of acid-base balance may result from? Hypochloridemia Hyponatremia Hypokalemia* Hypernatremia Hyperphosphatemia 12. 48-years-old patient with diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital in severe pre-coma state. When examining of acid-base balance metabolic acidosis was revealed. Patient was treated with complex therapy including insulin intramuscular injections and sodium bicarbonate solution intravenous infusion. What is the main possible mechanism of found changes development? A. Disorders of O2 using in cells Disorders of buffer systems of blood Decrease of CO2 removing Excretion of alkali elements with urine Formation of products of incomplete oxidation* 13. Patient has disturbances of airways passage at the level of small and medium bronchi. What kind of acid-base disorders may develop in this patient? Respiratory alkalosis Metabolic alkalosis Respiratory acidosis* Metabolic acidosis Acid-base balance does not change 14. In patient suffered from diabetes mellitus coma has developed due to disorders of acid-base balance. What kind of acid-base disorders develops in this case? Exogenous acidosis Respiratory acidosis Metabolic acidosis* Gaseous alkalosis Nongaseous alkalosis 15. A woman has distinct hypersalivation syndrome. Patient has to remove saliva from her mouth with napkin because of hard pain when she is swallowing. What kind of acid-base disorders may develop in this patient in some time? Nongaseous excretory acidosis* Gaseous alkalosis Metabolic acidosis Nongaseous excretory alkalosis Gaseous acidosis 16. During bronchial asthma attack patient developed gaseous acidosis (hypercapnia). What buffer system of blood plays the main role in compensation of this condition? A. Bicarbonate Hemoglobin* Phosphate Protein Ammoniogenesis 17. At examination of a patient hyperglycemia, ketonuria, polyuria, hypersthenuria, and glucosuria were revealed. What type of acid-base balance disorder takes place in this case? Metabolic acidosis* Gaseous acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Nongaseous alkalosis Gaseous alkalosis 18. A 65-years-old patient with multiple fractures of ribs was admitted to the hospital. What type of acid-base balance disorder may develop in him? Gaseous acidosis* Gaseous alkalosis Nongaseous acidosis Nongaseous alkalosis There are no disorders of acid-base balance 19. A pregnant woman has toxicosis, which accompanied by prolonged vomiting. Data of her biochemical analyses show: pH of blood – 7.38, pCO2 of arterial blood – 46 mmHg, SB – 17 mmol/L, BE – (+ 6 mmol/L). What type of acid-base balance disorder takes place in this case? Compensated non-gaseous alkalosis* Decompensated non-gaseous alkalosis Compensated non-gaseous acidosis Decompensated non-gaseous acidosis Compensated gaseous alkalosis 20. A 58-years-old female patient was admitted to the hospital in severe state. Data of her biochemical analyses show: pH of blood – 7.33, pCO2 of arterial blood – 36 mmHg, SB – 17 mmol/L, BE – (+ 6 mmol/L). What type of acid-base balance disorder takes place in this case? Compensated non-gaseous alkalosis Decompensated non-gaseous alkalosis* Compensated non-gaseous acidosis Decompensated non-gaseous acidosis Compensated gaseous alkalosis 21. What is the reason for gaseous alkalosis? Pulmonary hyperventilation* Loss of gastric juice Loss of intestine juice Pulmonary hypoventilation Hyperaldosteronism 22. What kind of acid-base balance disturbances may be observed in case of diabetes mellitus? A. Nongaseous acidosis* Gaseous acidosis Gaseous alkalosis Nongaseous alkalosis Excretory acidosis Поділіться з Вашими друзьями:
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